Complete List of Common Linux Server Commands
Mastering common Linux commands is the foundation of server management.
File and Directory Operations:
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ls -la - List all files with detailed information
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cd /path - Change directory
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pwd - Display the current directory
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mkdir dir - Create a directory
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rm -rf dir - Delete a directory and its contents
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cp -r src dst - Copy a directory
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mv old new - Move or rename files/directories
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chmod 755 file - Modify file permissions
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chown user file - Change file owner
File Viewing and Editing:
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cat file - Display file contents
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less file - View file contents page by page
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head -n 10 file - View the first 10 lines of a file
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tail -f file - View log files in real time
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vi file - Edit a file
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grep keyword file - Search for specific content in a file
System Management:
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top - System monitoring
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htop - Enhanced system monitoring tool
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free -h - View memory usage
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df -h - View disk usage
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du -sh dir - View directory size
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ps aux - View all running processes
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kill -9 pid - Force terminate a process
Network Related Commands:
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ifconfig - View network interface information
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ip addr - View IP address information
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ping host - Test network connectivity
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netstat -tlnp - View listening ports
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curl url - Send HTTP requests
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wget url - Download files
Service Management:
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systemctl start service - Start a service
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systemctl stop service - Stop a service
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systemctl restart service - Restart a service
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systemctl status service - Check service status
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systemctl enable service - Enable a service to start automatically at boot time
